What are the key principles of quantum mechanics in science?.

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. Key principles include:

1. Wave-Particle Duality: Particles, such as electrons, exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior, depending on the experimental setup.

2. Uncertainty Principle: Formulated by Werner Heisenberg, this principle states that certain pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, cannot be simultaneously known with arbitrary precision.

3. Superposition: Particles exist in multiple states or configurations simultaneously until measured, leading to phenomena like quantum entanglement.

4. Quantization: Energy, charge, and other properties are quantized, meaning they can only take on discrete values rather than any value in a continuum.

5. Entanglement: Particles can become correlated in such a way that the state of one instantly influences the state of another, regardless of distance.

These principles not only challenge classical physics but also have vast implications across various fields, including computing, cryptography, and quantum technologies.