What are the essential components of a computer network?.

A computer network consists of several essential components that facilitate communication and data exchange. These include:

1. Network Interface Cards (NICs): Hardware that connects a computer to a network.
2. Switches: Devices that connect multiple devices on the same network, directing data where it needs to go.
3. Routers: Devices that route data between different networks, such as a local network and the internet.
4. Cabling and Connectors: Physical wires and connectors that connect devices in a network.
5. Access Points: Devices that allow wireless devices to connect to a wired network.
6. Firewalls: Security devices that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules.