What are the major biomes and their characteristics globally?.

Biomes are large ecological areas on the Earth's surface, each characterized by specific climate conditions, flora, and fauna. The major biomes include:

1. Tropical Rainforest: High rainfall and biodiversity; found near the equator.
2. Savanna: Grasslands with scattered trees, warm climate, seasonal rainfall.
3. Desert: Extremely low precipitation; extreme temperatures; sparse vegetation.
4. Temperate Forest: Moderate climate; distinct seasons; diverse plant and animal life.
5. Taiga (Boreal Forest): Cold climate; coniferous trees; short growing season.
6. Tundra: Cold, treeless areas; permafrost; low biodiversity.
7. Marine: Covers oceans and seas; various ecosystems including coral reefs and deep-sea environments.

Understanding these biomes is crucial for conservation efforts and studying climate change impacts.