What geographical factors contribute to biodiversity hotspots?

Biodiversity hotspots are regions that are both rich in species and threatened by human activities. The geographical factors influencing these hotspots include:

Key Facts

• Species Richness: Hotspots often contain over 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics.
• Endemism: They host numerous species found nowhere else on Earth.
• Climate Variability: Diverse climates create various habitats that support different species.
• Geological Diversity: Varied geological features lead to distinct ecosystems.

Examples or Use Cases

• The Andes Mountains are a significant hotspot due to varied climates and elevations.
• The Madagascar rainforest is crucial for its unique plant and animal species, resulting from its long isolation.

FAQs

1. What defines a biodiversity hotspot?
   A biodiversity hotspot must have at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics and must have lost at least 70% of its original habitat.
2. Why are hotspots important?
   They are critical for global conservation efforts as they house a high number of endangered species.